IDLE. 507 



tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 23. Twelve females average, length, 

 232; wing, 106; tail, 98; culmen, 27; tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 

 22. Iris reddish brown ; legs, feet, and nails light brown to slaty brown ; 

 upper mandible black, lower leaden gray." (Bourns and Worcester MS.) 



481. IOLE RUFIGULARIS (Sharpe). 

 RUFOUS-THROATED BULBUL. 



Bypsipetes rufigularis SHARPE, Trans. Linn. Soc. 2d. ser. Zool. (1877), 1, 

 335. 



lole rufigularis SHAEPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1881), 6, 57, pi. 3; Hand- 

 List (1901), 3, 313; McGBEGOR and WORCESTER, Hand-List (1906), 79. 



Baeilan (Steere, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester] ; Mindanao (Murray, 

 Everett, Steere Exp. ) . 



Adult. Forehead, crown, and occiput dark brown, shafts of the 

 feathers blackish and their edges slate ; rest of upper parts lighter brown, 

 the feathers with olivaceous edges and ashy or slate-gray tips ; wings dark 

 brown, the outer webs of the feathers lighter and narrowly edged with 

 olivaceous; tail similar; lores and sides of head dull brown; chin, throat, 

 and fore breast tawny or light tan-brown, darker on breast ; sides of breast 

 washed with olive ; shafts of chin-feathers black and produced beyond the 

 webs ; shafts of breast-feathers a trifle lighter than their webs ; rest of the 

 under parts white, the feathers edged with pale yellow, producing a 

 streaked appearance; flanks more or less washed with brown; axillars 

 and under wing-coverts white, washed with pale yellow. The sexes are 

 similar in colors. A male from Basilan measures: Length, 255; wing, 

 123; tail, 105; culmen from base, 29; bill from nostril, 17; tarsus, 21. 

 A female from Basilan, wing, 117; tail, 114; culmen from base, 25; 

 bill from nostril, 16; tarsus, 21. 



"The rufous-throated bulbul is common in Mindanao and Basilan; 

 it is found along edges of forest, in second growth, and in guava bushes. 

 Two males average: Length, 238; wing, 111; tail, 98; culmen, 26; 

 tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 23. A female, length, 241 ; wing, 106 ; 

 tail, 95; tarsus, 20; middle toe with claw, 22. Iris dark brown; legs 

 and feet brown to nearly black; bill black." (Bourns and Worcester 

 MS.) 



482. IOLE GULARIS (Pucheran). 

 PHILIPPINE BULBUL, 



Turdus philippensis GMELIN, Syst. Nat. (1788), 1, 814 (not of Muller, 1776, 

 nor of Boddaert, 1783). 



Philedon gularis "Cuvier," PUCHERAX, Arch, du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. [Paris] 

 (1855), 7, 344, pi. 18. 



lole philippensis SHARPE, Cat. Birds Brit Mus. (1881), 6, 58; Hand-List 



(1901), 3, 313 (part); GRANT and WHITEHEAD, Ibis (1898), 238 



(eggs) ; WHITEHEAD, Ibis (1899), 215; GATES and REID, Cat. Birds' 



Eggs (1903), 3, 307; MCGREGOR and WORCESTER, Hand-List (1906), 79. 



Tug-bi-d, Bobol; pa-nu-cd, Lubang; tarn-si, Manila. 



