508 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



Banton (Celestino) ; Bohol (Steere Exp., McGregor)-, Cebu (Meyer, Murray, 

 Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor) ; Leyte (Everett, Steere 

 Exp.) ; Lubang (McGregor) ; Luzon (Kittlitz, Meyer, Mollendorff, Everett, Steere 

 Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead, McGregor) ; Marinduque (Steere Exp.) ; 

 Mindanao (Everett, Koch & Schadenberg, Goodfellow) ; Panaon (Everett) ; Samar 

 (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester). 



Adult. Similar to lole rufigularis, but smaller, and easily recognized 

 by the more rufescent chin and throat and the very distinct white, or 

 whitish, shaft-lines on these parts. The sexes are similar in colors. 

 Extreme and average measurements of ten males from Mariveles, Bataan 

 Province, Luzon, are as follows: Wing, 96 to 104 (100) ; tail, 88 to 90 

 (89) ; exposed culmen, 20 to 22 (20.5) ; bill from nostril, 15 to 16 

 (15.5); tarsus, 18 to 21 (20). Ten females from the same locality 

 measure: Wing, 91 to 100 (94); tail, 81 to 89 (85); exposed culmen, 

 19 to 22 (19.5) ; bill from nostril, 15 to 16 (15.5) ; tarsus, 19 to 22 (20). 



"Found about fruit trees in the forest, but more abundant in the open 

 country, so far as our observation goes. Masbate birds are larger than 

 those from the other islands, as the following measurements will show. 



"Six males from Masbate average: Length, 229; wing, 106; tail, 92; 

 culmen, 46; tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 23. Six females, length, 

 226 ; wing, 99 ; tail, 88 ; culmen, 27 ; tarsus, 18.5 ; middle toe with claw, 

 21. [The Masbate bulbul is 7. guimarasensis]. 



"Four males from Cebu, length, 219; wing, 100; tail, 90; culmen, 51; 

 tarsus, 18; middle toe with claw, 21. Four females from the same place, 

 length, 205; wing, 94; tail, 83; culmen, 25; tarsus, 18; middle toe with 

 claw, 21. 



"Iris chocolate-brown; legs, feet, and nails dark brown; bill black, 

 lower mandible sometimes dark brown/' (Bourns and Worcester MS.) 



Two eggs of the Philippine bulbul collected by Whitehead at Cape 

 Engano, Luzon, in May, 1895, are described thus: "Shape ovate. 

 Ground-color pure white, thickly speckled all over with brown, lake, and 

 pale violet under-markings. Measurements 29 mm. by 20 mm. The 

 nest which is constructed of fine roots, like that of other bulbuls, was 

 placed in a bush in the vicinity of the forest." (Grant and Whitehead.) 



483. IOLE GUIMARASENSIS Steere. 

 STEERE'S BULBUL. 



lole guimarasensis STEERE, List Birds & Mams. Steere Exped. (1890), 19; 



GRANT, Ibis (1896), 546; WHITEHEAD, Ibis (1899), 215; MCGREGOR, 



Pub. Govt. Labs. (1905), 25, 32; MCGREGOR and WORCESTER, Hand-List 



(1906), 79. 

 lole philippinensis BOURNS and WORCESTER, Minnesota Acad. Nat. Sci. Occ. 



Papers (1894), 1, 60 (part). 

 lole philippensis SHARPE, Hand-List (1901), 3, 313 (part). 



Pd-la-go, Ticao, used for Pycnonotus also. 



