518 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



Subfamilies. 



a 1 . Male and female similar in colors; plumage, especially of back and rump, lax 

 and decomposed; tarsus stouter Timeliinse (p. 518) 



a a . Male and female very unlike in colors ; plumage not noticeably decomposed ; 

 tarsus more slender Brachypteryginae (p. 538 > 



Subfamily TIMELIIN^E. 



Tarsus rather stout; plumage of back, rump, and flanks lax and 

 decomposed, the feathers of the back often lengthened and overhanging 

 the rump and tail-coverts. 



(jenera. 



a 1 . Tail much longer than wing; rectrices pointed, their shafts stiff, and their 

 webs decomposed _ Pseudotharrhaleus (p. 518) 



a*. Tail shorter than wing; rectrices usually not pointed, their shafts not very 

 stiff, and their webs not decomposed. 



6 1 . Tail very short, only one-half to two-thirds as long as wing; tarsus long, 



the outstretched feet reaching beyond the end of tail. 

 c 1 . Tail but little longer than tarsus; wing twice the tarsu- 



Anuropsis ( p. 525 ) 



c 2 . Tail equal to tarsus and middle toe without claw; wing one and one-half 

 times the tarsus Ptilocichla (p. 522) 



6 2 . Tail not very short, more than three-fourths as long as wing; outstretched 



feet not reaching end of tail. 



c 1 . Bill very much deeper and stronger, the tip decidedly hooked; rictal 

 bristles well developed, longer than bill from nostril.. Turdinus (p. 521) 

 c 2 . Bill more slender, the tip but slightly hooked; rictal bristles shorter. 



d l . A tuft of lengthened feathers above each eye Dasycrotapha ( p. 526 ) 



d 2 . No lengthened feathers above eye; plumage soft and more or less de- 

 composed. 

 e 1 . Feathers of back not greatly lengthened ; nostril with an overhanging 



membrane Zosterornis (p. 527) 



e 2 . Feathers of back greatly lengthened, decomposed, and overhanging 

 the tail-coverts; nostril opening without an overhanging membrane. 

 /* Long feathers of back without greatly stiffened shafts. 



Mixornis* (p. 533) 

 f*. Long feathers of the back with shafts conspicuously stiffened. 



Macronous (p. 534) 



Genus PSEUDOTHARRHALEUS Grant, 1895. 



Bill slender, rictal bristles short and weak; wing very short, rounded, 

 and curved to the body; fifth to eighth primaries nearly equal and 

 longest ; tarsus and feet strong ; tarsus one and one-half times the culmen 

 from base; hind toe with claw about equal to culmen; tail long; rectrices 

 graduated, pointed, and with stiff shafts and decomposed webs. 



* Leonardina (p. 537) probably belongs near Mixornis and Macronous; I have 

 not seen it. 



