604 MANUAL OP PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



base, 18; bill from nostril, 11; tarsus, 20. A female, wing, 74; tail, 

 62; culmen from base, 17; bill from nostril, 10; tarsus, 20. 



"Common in Tawi Tawi, less so in Sulu. A deep woods bird ; tame 

 and easily shot. Feeds on insects, and usually keeps some distance above 

 the ground. Six males average : Length, 157 ; wing, 81 ; tail, 64 ; culmen, 

 17.8; tarsus, 19.5; middle toe with claw, 18. Four females, length, 150; 

 wing, 77; tail, 63; culmen, 17.8; tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 17.8. 

 Iris dark brown ; legs, feet, and nails light brown ; bill black. Breeding 

 in Tawi Tawi in the month of September." (Bourns and Worces- 

 ter MS.) 



Family PARID^. 



Bill conoidal and stout, shorter than head; no notch in cutting edge, 

 and tip not hooked ; nostrils slightly oval, hidden by the antrorse frontal 

 plumes ; rictal bristles short and inconspicuous ; wing flat and somewhat 

 pointed ; first primary less than one-half of second, the latter less than 

 the third; fourth and fifth longest; third and sixth about equal in 

 length; rectrices broad with nearly square tips; tail nuch shorter than 

 wing; tarsus stout, less than twice the bill from nostril, distinctly 

 scutellate in front; basal joints of anterior toes more or less united. 



Genera. 



a*. Breast and abdomen yellow; rectrices tipped with white or with pale yellow. 



Pardaliparus (p. 604) 



a 1 . Breast and abdomen black, or dull brown, nearly uniform in color with the 

 back; rectrices without white or light-colored tips Penthornis (p. 008) 



Genus PARDALIPARUS Selys-Longchamps, 1884. 



Chin, throat, and much or all of the head black ; breast and abdomen 

 yellow; rectrices and many of the wing-feathers with wide tips of white 



or of pale yellow. 



Species. 



a 1 . A broad yellow band from below eye across auriculars to side of neck, separat- 

 ing the black of chin and throat from the black of head. 

 6 1 . Larger; bill longer; spots on wing-coverts larger and more nearly white. 

 c 1 . Bill much smaller; spot on hind neck and stripe on side of head and 

 neck bright canary-yellow. 



d 1 . Back and scapulars more olive-green elegans (p. 605) 



d 2 . Back and scapulars white albescens (p. 606) 



c 2 . Bill much larger; spot on neck and stripe on side of head and neck very 



pale yellow edithae (p. 606) 



6*. Smaller; bill shorter; spots on wing-coverts smaller and washed with yellow. 



mindanensis (p. 607) 

 a*. No yellow band on side of head and neck, which are entirely black. 



amabilis (p. 607) 



