APPLE DISEASES 87 



and destruction of certain limbs may at times prove helpful. 

 For example, a limb bearing several cankers ought to be so 

 treated. Surgical and pruning measures should in any case 

 be only supplementary to spraying. It should be remembered 

 that the wholesale removal of cankers from large trees where 

 hundreds of lesions occur is an expensive and a laborious 

 method. 



REFERENCES 



Jackson, H. S. Apple tree anthracnose. Oregon Crop Pest and Hort. 



Bienn. Kept. 1911-1912 : 178-197. 1913. 

 Cordley, A. B. Apple tree anthracnose, a new fungous disease. 



Oregon Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 60 : 3-8. 1900. 

 Lawrence, W. H. Black spot canker. Washington Agr. Exp. Sta. 



Bui. 66 : 4-35. 1904. 

 Jackson, H. S. Apple tree anthracnose. Oregon Agr. Exp. Sta. Circ. 



17 : 2-4. 1911. 

 Cordley, A. B. Some observations on apple tree anthracnose. Bot. 



Gaz. 30 : 48-58. 1900. 

 Piper, C. V. Orchard enemies of the Pacific northwest. Blackspot 



apple canker. U. S. Agr. Dept. Farmers' Bui. 153 : 31-33. 1902. 



FRUIT-SPOT 



Caused by Phoma pomi Passer. ( = Cylindrosporium pomi Brooks) 



Nearly all varieties of apples suffer to a certain extent from 

 fruit-spots of one kind or another, but on some varieties like 

 the Tolman Sweet and the Yellow Bellflower there is a specific 

 kind of spotting which is now recognized as an important dis- 

 ease. Other varieties of apples also show this disease, but to a 

 less degree than those mentioned. Sometimes the Baldwin is 

 considerably spotted and thus the disease has been called brown 

 spot of the Baldwin. It has been erroneously referred to as 

 stippen and dry-rot. 



In 1892 a fruit-spot was noted on quince in New Jersey. 

 It seems likely that this is the first authoritative record of the 



