APPLE DISEASES 137 



Control. 



Spraying to kill the sclerotia is the only known remedial 

 measure. Special fungicides and special applications are not 

 regarded as necessary. Bordeaux mixture applied before the 

 buds open, and again before the blossoms open, is recommended. 



REFERENCES 



Stevens, F. L., and Hall, J. G. Hypochnose of pomaceous fruits. 



North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. Kept. 32 : 76-85. 1909. (See also 



Ann. Myc. 7 : 49-59. 1909.) 

 Smith, R. I., and Stevens, F. L. Insect and fungous diseases of apple 



and pear. Hypochnose. North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 



206 : 9O-94. 1910. 



JONATHAN-SPOT 

 Cause not definitely determined 



A number of different varieties of apples commonly show this 

 peculiar spotting of the fruit. The Jonathan, Esopus, Wealthy, 

 Ortley, Wolf River and some other varieties are severely affected ; 

 the disease has been noted on several other kinds, including the 

 Nero, Smokehouse, Newtown Pippin, Yellow Newtown, Grimes, 

 Arkansas Black, Peter, Hibernal and Patten. The common 

 occurrence of this disease on the Jonathan has given rise to the 

 name Jonathan-spot. In Minnesota the growers call what 

 appears to be this disease the Wealthy-spot. Apple orchardists 

 generally hold to the opinion that thin-skinned varieties are 

 most susceptible. 



There is no evidence that the Jonathan-spot occurs outside 

 of the United States. Attention was called to the disease in 

 Virginia and West Virginia in 1 91 1 . It has been under observa- 

 tion in New Jersey since 1912 ; in that state it is a very trouble- 

 some storage disease. The growers of the Jonathan and Esopus 

 varieties in Washington and Oregon have been the heaviest 

 losers on account of this fruit-spot. It develops both in storage 



