APPLE DISEASES 151 



apple. In addition to the apple it is said to affect the pear, oak, 

 palmetto and tupelo. 



The causal fungus, Septobasidium pedicillatum, attacks the 

 bark, cambium and wood, causing these parts to turn brown and 

 die. Twigs and trunks are subject to infection. Lesions may 

 ordinarily be found at a dormant bud, or at the base of a fruit 

 spur or twig. The forking of branches also furnishes a point of 

 attack. As a result of the work of the pathogene, spots one- 

 half to five inches long are developed ; the width varies with the 

 size of the affected branch. In the later stage the bark becomes 

 sunken, and the edge of the lesion is whitish and uneven. 



There is little in the way of experimental data upon which to 

 base reliable suggestions for control. It is believed by some 

 authorities that dormant spraying will aid in reducing the 

 amount of the injury. The removal of diseased parts followed 

 by the application of a wound-dressing, such as coal-tar, is 

 worthy of trial. 



REFERENCES 



Wilson, G. W. Notes on three limb diseases of apple. Thelephorose. 



North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. Kept. 35 : 53-55. 1912. 

 Galloway, B. T. A new pear disease. Journ. Myc. 6:113-114. 



1890. 



PHYTOPHTHORA-ROT 



Caused by Phytophthora cactorum (Lib. and Cohn) Schrot. 



This interesting disease was given attention in Europe about 

 ten years ago. In certain foreign countries Phytophthora-rot 

 seems to be quite common and destructive. It is said to occur 

 in Switzerland during rainy seasons on apples and pears, rotting 

 the fruit to a considerable extent. The disease also affects and 

 brings about the death of apple "buds" in the Swiss nurseries. 

 An outbreak is reported from Bohemia in 1910, and the trouble 

 has at last been found in America. In 1915 it was discovered 



