GRAPE DISEASES 249 



ANTHRACNOSE 



Caused by Glceosporium ampelophagum Sacc. 



Grape-anthracnose, or bird's-eye-rot, is widely distributed 

 east of the Rocky Mountains, where at times it is of consider- 

 able importance. It was first discovered in central Illinois 

 about 1881 and later was found in many other parts of that 

 state. By 1885 the disease had been noted generally over the 

 eastern and middle- western states. The disease originated in 

 Europe, where it has occurred to a serious extent for many 

 years. The anthracnose fungus was doubtless imported from 

 Europe at some time prior to 1881. 



Fortunately the disease does not appreciably affect the Con- 

 cord, the most extensively-grown of American grape- varieties. 

 Many other favorite varieties, however, are very susceptible 

 to the trouble, especially the Moore's Diamond, Catawba, 

 Salem, Niagara, Diogenes, Brighton, Missouri Reisling, Clin- 

 ton, Vergennes, Pocklington, Norton, Champion, Thompson's 

 Seedless, Malaga, Tokay and Black Hamburg. On these 

 varieties anthracnose is of considerable economic importance, 

 due in part perhaps to the fact that the disease is not readily 

 controlled. In serious outbreaks the fruit may be almost 

 wholly destroyed, and the vines seriously damaged. The 

 growing of certain desirable varieties in some localities is unprof- 

 itable on account of the unusual damage done by anthracnose. 

 It ranks fourth in importance among fungous diseases of the 

 grape east of the Rocky Mountains, black-rot, downy-mildew 

 and powdery-mildew being more troublesome in the order listed. 



Symptoms. 



All green parts of the vine are subject to anthracnose through- 

 out the growing-season. It is most common, however, on the 

 shoots (Fig. 64) and berries (Fig. 65). 



On the shoots and tendrils small cankers are produced (Fig. 

 64). The lesion is brown, slightly depressed in the center, but 



