406 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 



V 



ANTHRACNOSE 



Caused by Glceosporium venetum Speg. 



The disease under consideration is generally known as 

 anthracnose, which name was given it in 1887. Prior to that 

 date it was called cane-rust. The first account of the disease 

 comes from Illinois dated 1882. Complaints were made about 

 1885 to 1887 of the serious injury which anthracnose was doing 

 in Illinois, Wisconsin, Missouri, Texas and New Jersey. The 

 sources and number of these complaints indicated that the 

 disease was then widespread and destructive. More recent 

 records of the trouble show that it occurs in the North Central 

 States, the North Atlantic Division and the Western Division 

 where the output in quarts is greatest. 



Raspberry-anthracnose (Fig. 119) also affects the blackberry 

 (see page 161). The raspberry, however, suffers more from 

 this disease than the blackberry. All above-ground parts 

 are injured more or less. Canes are sometimes girdled and are 

 therefore killed. Leaves are about one-half their normal size 

 and distorted when affected by anthracnose. Fruits, if formed 

 at all, may not reach their full development, but they ripen 

 prematurely and are therefore worthless. If young canes are 

 not killed the first year, the formation of fruit for the next year 

 is prevented. 



It is difficult to estimate the amount of the losses incurred 

 from anthracnose because of the nature of the losses. It has 

 been estimated in Missouri that 10 to 12 per cent of the entire 

 crop is injured. In 1904 in one county in Nebraska 33 per cent 

 of the crop was injured, and in 1907 one-half the crop in Wis- 

 consin is thought to have suffered. But no records based on 

 carefully selected data are available which will indicate the 

 annual dollar loss. In many plantations everywhere the dis- 

 ease is enphytotic, the amount of the injury being about the 



