40 BIRDS. 



hhh. Bill very slender, not strongly notched nor hooked ; 

 small, length 4 to 5. . . SYLVIID^E, 20. 

 gg. Tail shorter than wings ; general color olivaceous ; 

 bill stout, notched and hooked ; length 4 to 6i. 



VIREONID.E, 31. 

 ff. Bill not at all notched. 



i. Rictus with bristles ; quills not barred, the tail longer 



than wings ; large, length 9 or more. TURDID^E, 18. 



M. No rictal bristles ; wings and tail barred or undulated, 



usually about equal in length, the latter of rounded 



feathers ; small, length 6 or less. 



TROGLODYTID.E, 24. 



Hi. No rictal bristles ; tail about as long as wings, scan- 



sorial, its feathers rigid and acute, not barred ; bill 



long, decurved ; length 5 to 6. . CERTHIID.E, 23. 



** Primaries 9 ; the first about as long as second. 



$ Bill fissirostral, triangular, depressed, about as wide at base 



as long; its wide, deep gape twice as long as the culmen, 



reaching to opposite the eyes; no rictal bristles; wings 



very long and pointed. . . . HIRUNDINID^, 29. 



#Bill tanagrine, stout, conic, its outlines convex, the tomia 



with one or more lobes or nicks near the middle; nostrils 



very high ; plumage brilliant, chiefly red ($) or yellow (9). 



TANAGRID/E, 28. 



\\\ Bill conirostral, stout at base, and more or less conic; 



nostrils high up ; tomia more or less evidently angulated 



near the base (i. e., " corners of mouth drawn downward." ) 



j. Bill truly conic, much shorter than the head, usually 



notched at tip, or with bristles at the rictus. 



FRrNGILLID/E, 33. 



jj. Bill conic, but lengthened more or less, about as long as 

 head (except in Dolichonyx and Molothms, the Bob-c- 

 link and Cowbird) ; no notch at the tip or bristles at the 



rictus ICTERHX, 34. 



fttt Bill not as above, with the tomia straight, or very gently 



curved. 



k. Conspicuously crested ; bill triangular, depressed, notched, 

 and hooked; tail tipped with yellow; secondaries (in 

 full plumage) with red, horny tips. . AMPELIDJS, 30. 



