CORVID^E. XXXV. 93 



yellowish olive, quite small; young yellow, with various 

 black or chestnut traces; L. 7; W. 3; T. 3. E. U. S., 

 rather southerly. 



7. SCOLECOPHAGUS, Swainson. RUSTY BLACK BIRDS. 



1. S. ferruginous, (Gm.) Sw. RUSTY GRACKLE. RUSTY 

 BLACK BIRD. $ glossy black and rusty in autumn; ? 

 dusky, lustreless; bill slender; L. 9J; W. 4f ; T. 4. 

 E. U. S. 



2. S. cyanocephalus, (Wagl.) Cab. BREWER'S BLACK 

 BIRD. $ black with green lustre, head glossed with 

 purple; ? dusky; L. 10; W. 5; T. 4J-. W., E. to Ills, 

 and Wis. 



8. QU/SCALUS f Viei\\ot. CROW BLACK BIRDS. 



1. Q. pur pure us, (Bartr.) Licht. CROW BLACK BIRD. 

 PURPLE GRACKLE. Iridescent black, lustre on head 

 purplish, on body bronzy; L. 13; W. 5; T. 5. E. U. 

 S., abundant. 



FAMILY XXXV. CORVID^E. 



(The Crows and Jays.) 



Primaries 10; first about half length of second; nostrils 

 usually concealed by tufts of bristly feathers, which are 

 branched to their tips. Bill long and strong, usually 

 notched, commissure not angulated. Tarsus oscine, its 

 sides undivided and separated from the scutella in front 

 bv a groove which is either naked or filled in with small 

 scales. Voice usually harsh and unmusical. 



Birds of large size, the largest of the Oscines, found 

 almost every where. Genera about forty; species one 

 hundred and seventy -five. Our two sub - families, 

 Corvince, the Crows, and Garrulmce the Jays, are usually 

 readily distinguishable. 



