272 ANDREW JACKSON HOWE. 



found to be sensory, and to consist of three quite dis- 

 tinct branches. The upper branch endowed the fore- 

 head and region of the eye with sensibility ; the mid- 

 dle branch gave sensation to the nose, upper lip, 

 and middle parts of the face; and the lower branch 

 expanded itself in the inferior maxilla, the lower lip, 

 and upon the surface of the anterior half or two- 

 thirds of the tongue. The filaments going to the 

 papillae of the tongue w r ere called gustatory taste be- 

 ing a modified sense of feeling hence the sensory 

 character of the nerve was demonstrated throughout. 

 The part of the fifth nerve having no ganglion upon 

 it, proved to be mostly motor in function, and en- 

 dowed the muscles of mastication the masseters, buc- 

 cinator, temporal, and pterygoid. 



Attempts have been made by Magendie, Longet, 

 and other physiologists since Bell's time, to show that 

 sensory nerves have motor power in some degree, and 

 that motor nerves have manifested sensibility ; but the 

 general character of the nerve functions, as announced 

 and demonstrated by Bell, have not been overthrown. 

 The most that has been done goes to show that inos- 

 culation may give a bundle of motor nerves some 

 sensibility, and vice versa. The portio dura of the 

 seventh pair was once supposed to be both motor and 

 sensory, but Bell demonstrated that the nerve is 

 wholly given to movements of the muscles of the face ; 

 and that division of it resulted in paralysis of motion 

 on that side, though sensation remained almost unim- 

 paired. 



The pneumogastric and glosso-pharyngeal nerves 

 were ascertained to embrace both sensory and motor 

 filaments, with fibrils of both so intertwined that it 

 was with difficulty that the origin of each could be 



