280 ANDREW JACKSON HOWE. 



" the Marble Faun," of Hawthorne. The production is 

 quite a copy of a Satyr chiseled at Athens. The 

 sculptures of the Capitoline collection are largely of 

 Grecian origin, some having heen made in Rome by 

 Greek sculptors, or secured from Athenian sources to 

 adorn the gardens and villas of wealthy Romans living 

 in the vicinity of Rome, for instance, in Tivoli. 

 The choicest statues have been found in the Villa of 

 Hadrian, and the accomplished hand of Praxiteles is 

 recognized in several of the products once the prop- 

 erty of the luxurious ruler. One of the most charm- 

 ing pieces of sculpture found in Hadrian's Garden, is 

 a row of doves on the rim of a basin beneath a 

 fountain. As a work of art it is above criticism. 



In an adjoining room to that of The, Doves, is the 

 celebrated Capitoline Venus, a work of Praxiteles 

 possibly a copy of the Aphrodite of Cnidus. It is gen- 

 erally regarded as the best outline of womanly charms 

 the chisel has ever produced. 



To appreciate the pagan and primitive art of 

 Rome, the student must call to mind the fact that the 

 early settlers of " classic Italy" were Trojans, who 

 were closely allied to the Greeks ; that the greater and 

 lesser gods introduced into Roman every-day life were 

 creations of poetic Homer or the more prosaic Hesiod. 

 The Zeus of the Greeks became the Jove of the 

 Latins. 



An aesthetic race could not endure crude images 

 to represent celestial rulers, hence they gave the 

 deities the most attractive outlines, taking the best of 

 human shapes for models. It is customary to think 

 the gods created man after their own image, but the 

 Greeks reversed the order of things, constructing 

 deities in the likeness of human forms. Apollo was 



