Chap. 3.] THE AST OF MAKING GAULANDS. 305 



phiolum." Indeed, it was only by very slow degrees that 

 this last word 4 became generalized, as the chaplets that were 

 used at sacrifices, or were granted as the reward of military 

 valour, asserted their exclusive right to the name of " corona." 

 As for garlands, when they came to be made of flowers, they 

 received the name of " serta," from the verb " sero," 5 or 

 else from our word " series." 6 The use 7 of flowers for gar- 

 lands is not so very ancient, among the Greeks even. 



CHAP. 3. WHO INVENTED THE AKT OF MAKING GARLANDS I 



WHEN THEY FIEST BECE1VED THE NAME OF " COKOLLJE," AND 

 FOH WHAT B.EASON. 



For in early times it was the usage to crown the victors in 

 the sacred contests with branches of trees : and it was only 

 at a later period, tnat they began to vary their tints by the 

 combination 8 of flowers, to heighten the effect in turn by their 

 colour and their smell an invention due to the ingenuity of 

 the painter Pausias, at Sicyon, 9 and the garland-maker Gly- 

 cera, a female to whom he was greatly attached, and whose 

 handiwork was imitated by him in colours. Challenging him 

 to a trial of skill, she would repeatedly vary her designs, and 

 thus it; was in reality a contest between art and Nature ; a fact 

 which Ave find attested by pictures of that artist even still in 

 existence, more particularly the one known as the " Stephane- 

 plocos," 10 in which he has given a likeness of Glycera herself. 

 This invention, therefore, is only to be traced to later than the 

 Hundredth 11 Olympiad. 



Chaplets of flowers being now the fashion, it was not long 

 before those came into vogue which are known to us as 



4 Fee makes the word "vocabulum" apply to "corona," and not to 

 " struppus ;" but the passage will hardly admit of that rendering. 



5 "To bind" or "join together." 



6 A " connected line," from the verb " sero." 



7 By "quod," Hardouin takes Pliny to mean, the use of the word 

 OTrapTov, among the Greeks, corresponding with the Latin word " sertum." 



8 These chaplets, we learn from Festus, were called "panearpiae." 

 The olive, oak, laurel, and myrtle, were the trees first used fox chaplets. 



9 See B. xxxy. c. 40. 



10 The *' Chaplet- weaver." See B. xxxv. e. 40. 



11 B.C. 380. 



TOL. IV. X 



