180 PLINY'S NATUEAL HISTOET. [Book XXVI. 



CHAP. 43. THE TITHYMALOS CYPAKISSIAS : EIGHTEEN REMEDIES. 



In the fifth place we have the tithymalos known as " cypa- 

 rissias," 96 from the resemblance of its leaves to those of the 

 cypress. It has a double or triple stem, and grows in cham- 

 paign localities. Its properties are exactly similar to those of 

 the helioscopios and characias. 



CHAP. 44. THE TITHYMALOS PLATYPHYLLOS, COKYMBITES, OR 



AMYGDALITES ! THREE REMEDIES. 



The sixth kind is called "platyphyllos" 97 by some, and 

 " corymbites " or " amygdalites " by others, from its resem- 

 blance to the almond-tree. The leaves of this kind are the 

 largest of all : it has a fatal effect upon fish. An infusion of 

 the root or leaves, or the juice, taken in doses of four drachmae, 

 in honied wine, or hydromel, acts as a purgative. It is par- 

 ticularly useful also for carrying off the aqueous humours. 



CHAP. 45. THE TITHYMALOS DENDROIDES, COBIOS, OR LEPTO- 



PHYLLOS I EIGHTEEN REMEDIES. 



The seventh kind has the additional name of "dendroides," 9 * 

 and is known by some persons as "cobios," and by others as 

 " leptophyllos." 99 It grows among rocks, and is by far the 

 most shrubby of all the varieties of the tithymalos. The, 

 stems of it are small and red, and the seed is remarkably abun- 

 dant. Its properties are the same as those of the characias. 1 



CHAP. 46. THE APIOS 1SCHAS, OR RAPHANOS AGRIA : TWO 



REMEDIES. 



The apios ischas or raphanos agria, 2 throws out two or 

 three rush-like branches of a red colour, creeping upon the 

 ground, and bearing leaves like those of rue. The root 

 resembles that of an onion, only that it is larger, for which 



96 The Euphorbia cyparissias of Linnaeus, the Cypress spurge, or else the 

 Euphorbia Aleppica of Linnseus. 



97 " Broad-leaved," " clustered," and " almond-like." It is the Eu- 

 phorbia platyphyllos of Linnaeus, the Broad-leaved spurge. 



98 " Tree-like " 



99 " Small-leaved." The Euphorbia dendroides of Linnaeus, the Shrubby 

 spurge. l See c. 39 above. 



2 " Wild radish." Identified Tvitfi the Euphorbia apios of Linnseus, a 

 plant with dangerous properties. 



