Chap. 10.] TIIF, DIFFERENT KI5DS AND FOHMS OF STATUES. 155 



was made with tlio exact resemblance of every individual 

 limb ; from which circumstance they were called *' iconicoc." 47 

 1 do not know whether the first public statues were not erected 

 by the Athenians, and in honour of Harraodius and Aris- 

 togiton, who slew the tyrant : 4 * an event which took place in 

 the same year in which the kings were expelled from Kome. 

 This custom, from a most praiseworthy emulation, was after- 

 wards adopted by all other nations ; so that statues were 

 erected as ornaments in the public places of municipal towns, 

 and the memory of individuals was thus preserved, their 

 various honours being inscribed on the pedestals, to be read 

 there by posterity, and not on their tombs alone. After some 

 time, a kind of fbriuu or public place came to be made in pri- 

 vate houses and in our halls, the clients adopting this method 

 of doing honour to their patrons. 



C1IAI'. 10. (o.) TIIK WITKIIKNT KINDS AND FOUMS OF BTATUKS. 

 SIA'ITKS AT 110 MK WITH CU1UA8SKS. 



In former times the statues that were thus dedicated were 

 clad in the toga. 4U Naked statues also, brandishing a spear, 

 after the manner of the youths at their gymnastic exercises, 

 wcrcjnuch admired; these were called " Achillean." The 

 Greek practice is, not to cover any part of the body ; while, 

 on the contrary, the Human and the military statues have the 

 addition of a cuirass. C'icsar, the Dictator, permitted a statue 

 with a cuirass to be erected in honour of him in his Forum. 40 As 

 to tho statues which arc made in the garb of the Luperci," 

 they are of no older date than those which have been lately 

 erected, covered with a cloak. 52 Mancinus gave directions, 

 that he should be represented in the dress which he wore when 

 lie was surrendered to the enemy." It has been remarked by 



47 " leonine," " portrait statues," from tiicun', of tho same meaning. 

 Thin term is employed by Suetonius, in speaking of a statue of Caligula, 

 c. 'J2. B. 



4 ^ Pisistratus. These statins arc mentioned in the 10th Chapter of this 

 Book, as bein;: the workmanship of Praxiteles. B. 



47 See B. vii. cc. .">!, .'U : B. viii. c. 74 : and 15. ix. c. 03. 



60 Near the 'Temple of Janus, in the Kighth Region of the City. 



a) The Luporci were the priests of Pan, who, at the celebration of their 

 p.in.es, called Lupercalia, were in the habit of running about the streets of 

 Ttome, wi'.h no other covering than a goat's skin tied about the loins. B. 



*- " 1'ienula." Sec B. viii. c. 73. 



w We are informed by Cicero, DC OlT. 13. iii. c. 30, and by Valerius 



