Chap. 10.] CELEBRATED WORKS IX HF.ASS. 171 



Phidias, besides the Olympian Jupiter, which no one has 

 ever equalled, also executed in ivory the erect statue of 

 Minerva, which is in the Parthenon at Athens. 75 He also 

 made in brass, beside the Amazon above mentioned, 76 a Minerva, 

 of such exquisite beauty, that it received its name from its fine 

 proportions. 77 He also made the Cliduchus, 7 * and another 

 Minerva, which Paulas JKmilius dedicated at Home in the 

 Temple of Fortune 78 of the passing day. A ho the two statues, 

 draped with the pallium, which Catulus erected in the same 

 temple; and a nude colossal statue. Phidias is deservedly 

 considered to have discovered and developed the toreutic art. fc<> 



Polycletus of Sicyon, 81 the pupil of Agelades, executed 

 the Diiulumcnos, 91 the statuo of an effeminate youth, and 

 remarkable for having cost one hundred talents ; as also 

 tlw statue of a youth full of manly vigour, and called the 

 Dcyyp.horos.* 3 He also made what the artists have called the 

 Model statue, 8 ' and from which, as from a sort of standard, 



75 This is universally admitted to have been one of the most splendid 

 works- of art. It i.s celebrated by various writers ; Puusaiiias speaks of it in 

 J5. i. See also 1J. xxxvi. c. 4. H. 



76 As being made for the Temple of Diana at Kpbrsus. 



77 Probably "Callimorphos," or *Calliste." AVc It-am from Pausaniaa 

 that it was placed in the Citadel of Athena. Lucian prefers it to every 

 other work of Phidias. 



7tt A figure of a female " holding keys." The key was one of the 

 attributes of Proserpina, as also of Janus ; but the latter was an Italian 

 divinity. 



~' J "^Kdcm Fortune hujusce diet.*' This reading about which there has 

 been some doubt, is Mipported by an ancient inscription in Orellius. 



*' ** Artem toreuticen." See Note at the end ot 11. xxxiii. 



61 Pliny has here confounded two artists of the same name ; tho 

 Polycb-tua who was the succe^or of Phidias, and was not much inferior to 

 him in merit, and Polycletua of Argos, who lived 160 years later, and who 

 also executed many capital works, some of whieh are. hero mentioned. It 

 nppears that Cicero, \itru\ius, Stmho, Quintilian, Plutarch, and Lucian 

 have also confounded these two artists ; but Pausanias, who is very correct 

 in the account which he gives us of all subjects connected witli works of 

 art, was aware of the distinction ; and it is from his observations that we 

 Lave been maided to correct the error into whieh Romany eminent writers 

 had fallen. !i. 



M IWivid from the head-dress of the statue, which had the " bead orna- 

 nicntid with a fillet" Lucian mentions it. 



** The * Spear-ltrarer." 



"* " Canon." '1 his no doubt was the same statue as the Doryphoros. 

 See Cicero, Brut, ho', li'.'O*. 



