174 PLINY'S NATUUAL HISTOIIY. [Book XXXIV. 



any jrreafor attention tliun is observed in the ruilc figures of 

 iii"re ancient tirm-s. 



Pythagoras of llhegium, in Italy, excelled him in the figure 

 of the Paneratiasi 1 which is now at Delphi, and in which he 

 also surpassed Leontiscus. 9 Pythagoras also executed the statue 

 of Astylos,* the runner, which is exhibited at Olympia; that 

 of a Libyan boy holding a tablet, also in the same place ; and 

 a nude male figure holding fruit. There is at Syracuse u 

 figure of a lame man by him : persons, when looking at it, 

 seem to feel the very pain of his wound, lie also made an 

 Apollo, with the serpent 10 pierced by his. arrows; and a Player 

 on the Lyre, known as the Pieieus, 11 from the fact that, when 

 Thebes was taken by Alexander the Great, a fugitive successfully 

 concealed in its bosom a sum of gold. He was the iirst artist 

 who gave expression to the sinews and the veins, and paid 

 raore attention to the hair. 



There was also another Pythagoras, a Sainiun, 12 who was 

 originally a painter, seven of whose nude figures, in the 

 Temple of Fortune of the passing (lay, 13 and OIK? of an nged 

 man, are very much admired. He is said to have resembled 

 the last' mentioned artist so much in his features, that they 

 could not be distinguished. Sostratus, it is said, was the 

 pupil of Pythagoras of Khegium, and his sister's son. 



According to Duris, 14 Lysippus the Sicyonian was not tho 

 pupil 1 * of any one, but was originally a worker in brass, and 

 was tirst prompted to venture upon statuary by an answer thsit 

 was given by Eu pom pus the painter; who, upon being asked 

 which of his predecessors he proposed to take for his model, 

 pointed to a crowd of men, and replied that it was Nature herself, 



7 S!.-e Note 2 above. 



- TL' n.- is a painter of tins name mentioned in P. xxxv. c. 43. The 

 reading is extremely doubtful. 



y Mentioned by 1'luto, I.)c Legibu*, B. viii. and by Pausanias, B. vi. 

 c. 13. lit was thrice victorious at the Olympie (iaiius. lu Python. 



11 From the (Jieek word .Aunioc, ** iust," or "trustworthy." li". 



12 iMu^nts Laertins mentions a Pythagoras, a statuary, in his lifo of 

 liis celebrated iiametake, the founder of t lie great selionl of philosopliy. 13. 

 Pitu>:mias ( li. ix. c. 3-5, speaks of a Parian btatuaiy of this name. 



1:1 See Xote 79 above. u See end of It. vii. 



15 Cicero remarks, Urut. 86, 20G, "that Lysippus used to say that the 

 Doryphoros of Polytli-tus was his master," implying that he considered 

 Linis. If indtbtid i<r his skill to Laving; studied the above-mentioned work 

 of Polyeletus. B. 



