Chip. 30.] AHTIST3 "WHO PAINTED WITH THE PENCIL. 255 



foclion, in the delineation of the warrior : this last-mentioned 

 work is no\v at Rome, in the Temple of Peace. 37 



It was at this period, too, that Euxinidas had for his pupil 

 Aristides, 53 who became a most illustrious artist; and that 

 Eupompus instructed Pamphilus, who afterwards became the 

 instructor of Apelles. There is by Eupompus, a Victor in a 

 gymnastic contest, holding a palm. So high was the reputa- 

 tion of this artist, that he established a school of painting, and 

 so divided the art into three styles; whereas till then there had 

 been but two, known respectively as the Hclladic' 9 and the 

 Asiatic. In honour of him, a native of JSicyou by birth, the 

 Helladic school was divided into two, and from this period 

 there were three distinct styles recognized, the Ionic, the 

 JSicyoniun, and the Attic. 



AVe have, by Pamphilus, 40 a picture representing the Alliance 

 and the Uattle that was fought at Phlius ; 11 the Victory 4 * also 

 that was gained by the Athenians, and a representation of 

 "Ulysses in his ship. ]Ie was a Macedonian by birth, but was 

 the first painter who was also skilled in all the other sciences, 

 arithmetic and geometry more particularly, without the aid of 

 which he maintained that the pictorial art could not attain 

 perfection. He gave instruction to no one for a smaller sum 

 than one talent, at the rate cf five hundred denarii per 

 annum," and this fee both Apelles and Melauthius paid. It 

 was through his influence that, first at Sicyon, and then 

 throughout the whole of Greece, all children of free birth were 

 taught the graphic" art, or in other words, the art of depicting 

 upon boxwood, before all others; in consequence of which this 

 came to be looked upon as the first step in the liberal arts. It 



7 Uuilt near the Forum, by Vespasian, according to Suetonius. 



M A native of Thebes. A lull account of him will be given in the 

 course of this Chapter. - 1J Or * Grecian." 



4<J He was a native of Aniphipolis in Macedonia. 



41 I'blius was the chief town of Phliasia, in the north-east of Pelopon- 



sus. It foems to be quite unknown to what events Pliny here alludes. 



4 - Possibly the naval victory gained by the Athenians under Chubriaa 



ar Naxps, in the first year of the 101st Olympiad. 



4J 'Which would make the course of study, as M. Ian says, extend OYtr 

 a period of twelve years. 



44 **Gniphice ;"" equivalent, perhaps, to our word "drawing." "The 

 elementary process consisted in drawing lines or outlines with the graphis, 

 (or stylus) upon tablets of box ; the tirst exercise was probably to draw a 

 simple line." Wuriiuin, in Smith's Diet. Antiq. Art. 2'aintiny, 



nesus 



4 - 

 near 



