BUDDING OF CEPHALODISCUS HODGSONI. 59 



the duct, which has no red colour, or but a few red specks here and there. The 

 ovaries consist of small closely-packed cells with one larger cell, perhaps two, exhibiting 

 a germinal vesicle and germinal spot, just enough to enable one to distinguish 

 the sex. 



The polypides of material G are of the full size distinctive of the species, and 

 have buds of their own, and the smallness of the ovaries is noteworthy, because in 

 specimen F the ovaries are fairly well developed in buds of not more than half 

 the size of the adult polypides. Specimen G was obtained in May, whereas all the 

 other specimens collected (except specimen H, which has no polypides) were obtained 

 in January. The colony, further, has the general appearance of being but recently 

 established (vide p. 52), and this circumstance, taken in conjunction with the 

 above, warrants the suggestion that the full-sized polypides of G arrived at their 

 present situation as free-swimming larvae, and were not produced by the budding 

 of their parents. 



Stolon and Budding, 



The stolon of most of the full-grown polypides is about 2 mm. long, but the 

 wrinkling of the surface indicates that the organ was fixed by the killing reagent 

 in a state of contraction. Exceptionally one finds a long stolon, four or five 

 millimetres long, with less superficial wrinkling. In old buds the stolon is 

 frequently curved strongly towards the shield, but in adults it usually slopes rather 

 away from the shield ; in cases in which the stolon is in exceptional extension it is 

 parallel with the long axis of the body (fig. 51, plate 6). 



Although there is ample evidence that the customary method of separation of a 

 bud from its parent is by the severance of the tissue between the end of the 

 stalk of the bud and the extremity of the stolon of the parent, yet in examining 

 bud-systems of C. kod<jsoni one not infrequently meets with curved, sausage-shaped 

 or banana-shaped structures which give one the impression of being portions of 

 parental stolon which have become severed close to the body, or at some point 

 along the course of the stolon, or else the stalks of buds similarly divided. 



Harmer in his ' Siboga ' report regards the sausage-shaped bodies as the stolons 

 of adults which have died off, or "degenerated," as he puts it. While this may 

 be the case in the species of Cephalodiscus examined by him, the specimens of C. 

 hodgsoni figured in plate 7 would seem to show that the parent body is in a 

 perfectly healthy condition at the time when this severance takes place, especially 

 as buds not fully grown may separate off by constriction of their stalk at any 

 point of its length at a time when the parent stolon is still perfect. 



In figs. 78, 79, and 81, plate 7, are shown bud-systems unconnected with any 

 parent form. The first of these is composed of four buds and a curved sausage-like 

 body which is presumably the parental stolon which has become severed close to the 

 parental body, the separation between buds and parent occurring in this case not at 



