T1.TUA.\<>NII>.\ 3 



thrre-fiuirths of the body. The surface of the oscular zone is smooth and glistening 

 ami with faintly marked longitudinal ridges ; whereas that of the poral zone has more 

 prominent ridges, and a punctate appearance due to the pores in the grooves between the 

 ridges ; this appearance is brought into relief by drying the sponge, for then the poral 

 sieves contract and the points of the palisades of cortical oxcas prick up the dermal 

 membrane ; these palisades are not present in the oscular area, which, in fact, is devoid 

 of a cortical skeleton of spicules, though it possesses a fibrous cortex. 



The OSCUles are small circular orifices about 75 mm. in diameter, five or nix in 

 numl>er, arranged in an irregular circle on the broad upper end of the sponge. In the 

 complete state they each have an outer fringe of protriaenes nlxmt 4*5 mm. high, and 

 mi inner fringe of trichodal protriaenes, a little )>elow which is a sphincter. 



The dermal pores occur as sieve-like groups in the more or less longitudinal 

 grooves (VIII. 2, 3) lietween the palisade* of cortical oxeas, the meshes of the sieves 

 l>-ing supported by fan-like tufts of trichodal protriaenes. 



The EctOSOITie. The sponge cuts easily, and a vertical section shows the skeletal 

 fibres radiating from a central nucleus. No well-defined boundary is visible to the 

 naked eye between ectosome and choanosome. In the poral zone (VIII. 3 and IX. 15) 

 the pores lead into sub-dermal spaces bounded by vertical rows of cortical oxeas ; the 

 rows of cortical oxeas are likewise present at the base of the sponge in the root-tuft 

 zone. In the oscular zone (IX. 16) there is an ill-defined layer, about 1*5 mm. thick, 

 composed of loose bundles of fibrous tissue crossing in various directions with rounded 

 "llencytes scattered about; also there may IN- a few scattered oxeas. 



The Canal System. The sulxiermal spaces beneath the sieve-groups of pores 

 open into canals descending into the choanosome. The pyriform flagellated chaml>er8, 

 47 x 42 /x (VIII. 4), are eurypylous ; the figure shows several chambers opening 

 direct into a terminal exhalant canal. 



The chamber system of Cramella simillima Bk. and of other species of Craniellsi, 

 described by Sollas in his 'Challenger' Report, is aphodal (21. p. 30, PI. II., fig. 19). 



The Skeleton. A tangential surface section in the poral region shows l>est the 

 cortical oxeas, which are mostly arranged in double rows, each row bending outwards 

 slightly towards a row of another double series, so as to form an incomplete arch over 

 a sub-dermal space or channel. 



A small " silica pearl " was found in one section. 



Numerous large ova occur, with oval body and thick pseudopodia-like extensions, 

 the body being 130 x '65/n, and the total diameter over 300 p. In some instances, 

 the ova are more rounded and compact, with the cytoplasm more drawn together. 



I had described the specimens as representatives of a new species, but I now find 

 that they belong to CranifUa sagitta (Lendenfeld). 



Dr. v. Lendenfeld very kindly sent me the revised proofs of his Report 

 "Tetraxonia der deutschen Siidpolar-Expedition, 1901-1903," thus enabling me to 

 make the necessary alterations before it was too late. 



