A LARGE SIGNAL THEORY OF TRAVELING-WAVE AMPLIFIERS 369 



is plotted in Fig. 7 versus y, using QC, h and C, as the parameters. They 

 lare also the curves for the backward wave (the component which is 

 ! coupled to the beam) when multiplied by the proportional constant given 

 in (27). It is interesting to see that the maximum values of p^/po are 

 between 1.0 and 1.2 for QC = 0.2 and decrease as QC increases. The 

 peaks of the curves do not occur at the saturation values of y. 



10. y VERSUS ((p — by) diagrams 



To study the effect of C, b, and QC on efficiency y versus (<p — by) 

 diagrams are plotted in Figs. 8(b), (c), (d) and (e) for Cases (21), (16), 

 (10) and (21), respectively. {<p — by) here is ($ + 6) in Nordsieck's nota- 

 tion. In these diagrams, the curves numbered from 1 to 24 correspond to 

 the 24 electrons used in the calculation with each curve for one electron. 

 Only odd numbered electrons are presented to avoid possible confusion 

 arisen from too many lines. The reciprocal of the slope of the curve as 



-10 -9 -8 



jo-by 



Fig. 8(b) — y versus <p 

 C = 0.1 (Case 12). 



bij for QC = 0.2, k = 2.5, b for mi = 0.67Mi(max) and 



