644 BOTANY OF CROP PLANTS 



Drupe. — A one-seeded, fleshy fruit in which the endocarp is stony, the 

 mesocarp fleshy, and exocarp skin-like. 

 Drupelet. — A small drupe, as in raspberry. 



Elliptic. — Oval, or the shape of an ellipse. 



Emarginate. — Notched at the apex. 



Embryo. — Young plant within the seed. 



Endocarp. — Inner wall of pericarp (ovary wall). 



Endosperm. — The stored food supply in a seed. 



Entire. — Without divisions, lobes, or teeth; usually refers to margins of 

 leaves, petals, and sepals. 



Epicalyx. — Extra bract-like segments below the calyx in the strawberry. 



Epigynous. — Ovary inferior; flower parts above the ovary or apparently 

 growing from its tip. 



Epiphyllous. — Borne on leaf surface. 



Epiphyte. — Growing upon another plant, but gaining from it no nutriment. 



Episperm. — Testa; seed coats. . 



Erose. — With an irregular margin, as if chewed. 



Etiolate. — To whiten, or blanch, by the exclusion of light. 



Exocarp. — Outer wall of pericarp (ovary wall). 



Exserted (stamens). — Extending beyond the other flower parts. 



Exstipulate. — Without stipules. 



Extravaginal. — Referring to branches in grasses which force their way out 

 through the base of the leaf sheath. 



Extrorse. — Turned outwards; usually referring to anthers which shed their 

 pollen towards the outside of the flower. 



Falcate. — Shaped like a scythe. 



Fascicle. — Bundle or cluster. 



Fertile. — Capable of bearing fruit or seed; apphed to flowers with pistils 

 or to anther with pollen. 



Fertilization. — A sexual process in which two dissimilar gametes fuse. 



Fibrous. — Fiber-like, usually referring to root system of many small thread- 

 like roots. 



Filament. — Thread; stalk of stamen. 



Filamentous. — Thread-like. 



Fimbriated. — Fringed. 



Foliaceous. — Leaf-hke in form and texture. 



Follicle. — A dry, dehiscent fruit with one carpel which splits along the 

 ventral suture. 



Funnelform. — Funnel-shaped. 



Geitonogamy. — A method of pollination in which pollen is taken from anther 

 to stigma of another flower on same plant. 



