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is spotted and cracked. This is caused by the above named parasitic 

 plant. It first appears as a small reddish brown spot on the leaf or 

 fruit, and if these are numerous or increase greatly in size, the leaf 

 action is destroyed and it drops off ; or the fruit is cheeked at the 

 point attacked and it cracks, as is so often the case with the Flemish 

 Beauty and some other varieties. It grows only under conditions of 

 moisture and heat, and whole orchards often lose their foliage in a 

 few days from its attack. 



PLUM LEAF BLIGHT, ( Septoria cerasina.) 



This disease i^ sometimes called the shot-hole fungus, and is very 

 destructive to plum orchards, causing the leaves to fall in August, 

 often before the fruit is ripe, or the wood and fruit buds are mature. 

 It appears first as small reddish spots, the centers of which, as they 

 increase in size turn brown and deca}', often falling out, leaving 

 holes in the leaves, whence the name " shot-hole fungus." 



BROWN FRUIT ROT, (Monilia fructigena.) 



This is the common brown rot of the plum and peach attacking the 

 fruit when it is almost ripe. We first notice a small brown spot on 

 the fruit which rapidly increases until it destroys it. At first the 

 surface of the fruit is smooth, but soon it is studded all over with 

 little tufts or clusters of threads on the ends of which are numerous 

 spores or seeds. These spores are easily carried by the wind from 

 place to place and one rotting peach or plum may produce spores 

 enough in a short time to destroy a large crop of fruit. 



POWDERY MILDEW OF THE GRAPE, {Feronospora viticolor.) 



Duriiigmoist, warm weather, at any time from the middle of June to 

 September, this disease ma}' appear. The spores penetrate the 

 tissues of the leaf, and their roots or feeding parts run through a 

 comparatively large space, causing yellow spots, and followed after 

 a short time by a powdery substance on the surface of the spots. 

 This powdery substance is a mass of spores produced by the plant 

 for its further reproduction, and when the weather is favorable it 

 spreads rapidly and the leaves curl up and turn brown or drop off. 



