15 



of the wart in the summer and fiom little sacs during the winter and 

 spring. It is the most serious pest attacking the plum trees. 



EXPERIMENT NO. I. 



To prevent the apple scab, and destroy the tent caterpillar and 

 codling moth, the apple trees in the different orchards were sprayed 

 April 16th and 17th, some with sulphate of copper (Blue Vitriol) ,1 lb. 

 to 25 gallons of water, some wiLh sulphate of iron (Copperas) 1 lb. 

 to 2 gallons of water and others with the Bordeaux mixture.* 



May 5th, sprayed with Bordeaux mixture and Paris green 1 lb. to 

 200 gallons. 



May 21st, sprayed with same as above. 



June 9th, " " " " " 



July lOLh, sprayed with ammouiacal carbonate of copper, 1 lb. to 

 25 gallons of water. 



Aug. 13th, sprayed with same. 



EesuUs. The foliage of the trees sprayed showed much less scab 

 fungus than that of those unsprayed, and the fruit was entirely free 

 from the scab. In Plate 1, we have attempted to show by a photo- 

 graphic engraving the average results of this spraying. The speci- 

 men on the left is from a sprayed tree, that on the right from one 

 unsprayed. The middle specimen is intended to show the result of 

 the copper solutions on the fruit, which causes the breaking of the 

 epidermis or skin of the apple, giving it a russet appearance, but is 

 not very clearly brought out. 



This appears upon almost all of the fruit sprayed, but does not 

 injure it in general appearance because it is cuufined to the blossom 

 end, and such fruit seems to keep as long as that not thus marked. 



The tent caterpillars were largely killed by the Paris green used 

 in the Bordeaux mixture May '5th and 21st, and the fruit on the 

 sprayed trees showed about 20 ^^ less wormy specimens than that on 

 the unsprayed ones. 



EXPERIMENT NO. 2. 



Pear trees were sprayed April 16th and 17th with the same concen- 

 trated solutions applied to the apple trees on the same date, and, 

 while there was less leaf blight and wormy fruit than on the unsprayed 

 trees, the results were not so marked as with the apple. 

 • For formulae of fungicides see page 12. 



