40 



thousandths (.0014) of one -gram, or twenty-two thousandths 

 (.022) of one grain. This equals about five ten- thousandths (.0005) 

 of one ounce to the barrel, or requiring two thousand barrels to yield 

 one ounce of copper oxide. The specimens selected for this analysis 

 were those with the roughest surface, to which would adhere more of 

 the copper solution or Paris green than to the average apples. 



Not a trace of arsenic could be detected in this analysis ; as Paris 

 green (average samples of Paris green contain about thirty-three 

 parts of oxide of copper and sixty-one parts of arsenious oxide) was 

 not used after July 1st, it was probably all washed off during the three 

 months following, before the apples were gathered, which was 

 October 1st. 



When we consider the fact that probably not one fruit grower in 

 one hundred throughout the country used Paris green at all, and that 

 not one barrel in one thouraud came from sprayed trees, the absurdity 

 of the" scare" becomes still more apparent. 



CONCLirSIONS. 



Summing up the results of the work of the past season, we arrive 

 at the following conclusions : 



That the apple scab, pear leaf blight and cracking of the fruit, the 

 peach and plum fruit rot, the plum leaf blight, and plum black wart, 

 the grape powdery mildew and black rot, the raspberry anthracnose 

 and the potato leaf blight and rot, may be wholly or largely prevented 

 when the solutions of copper are properly applied ; 



That by the combined use of the Bordeaux mixture and Paris 

 green the above fungi are prevented, the tent caterpillars and canker- 

 worms are killed, and the injury to the apple and pear from the cod- 

 ling moth, and to the plum and peach by the plum curculio, may be 

 largely prevented ; 



That if the spores of the plum wart become established in the tree, 

 the copper solutions do not stop their growth, but that by painting 

 with " kerosene paste" they are destroyed at once. 



That the peach foliage is very susceptible to injury from copper 

 solutions and that these solutions must be applied at from one-third 

 to one-fourth the strength used upon the apple and pear ; 



That peach buds can be protected by bending the trees over to the 

 ground and covering with some light, thin material ; 



That the amount of copper adhering to apples and grapes, that 



