THE LIVING ANIMALS OF THE WORLD 



evident that she understands the words seven, 

 eight, nine, and ten to betoken numbers higher 

 than those below them. When she was asked 

 for any number above six, she always gave 

 some number over six and under ten She 

 sometimes doubled over a straw to make it 

 present two ends, and was supposed (thus) to 

 hasten the attainment of her task." By no 

 means all the chimpanzees are so patient as 

 Sally. One kept in the Zoological Gardens 

 for some time made an incessant noise by 

 stamping on the back of the box in which it 

 was confined. It struck this with the flat of 

 its foot while hanging to the cross-bar or perch, 

 and made a prodigious din. This seems to 

 bear out the stories of chimpanzees assembling 

 and drumming on logs in the Central African 

 forests. 



THE GORILLA 



The name of this enormous ape lias been 

 known since 450 B. c. Hanno the Cartha- 

 ginian, when off Sierra Leone, met with wild 

 men and women whom the interpreter called 

 GORILLAS. The males escaped and flung 

 stones from the rocks, but several females were 

 captured. These animals could not have been gorillas, but were probably baboons. Andrew 

 Battell, already mentioned, described the gorilla under the name of Pongo. He says it is like a 

 man, but without understanding even to put a log on a fire ; it kills Negroes, and drives off the 

 elephant with clubs ; it is never taken alive, but its young are killed with poisoned arrows ; it 

 covers its dead with boughs. Dr. Savage described it in 1847. Later Du Chaillu visited its 

 haunts, and his well-known book relates how he met and killed several specimens. But Mr. 

 Winwood Reade, who also went in quest of it, declared that Du Chaillu, like himself, never 

 saw a live gorilla. Von Koppenfels, however, saw a family of four feeding, besides shooting 

 others. The late Miss Kingsley met several, one of which was killed by her elephant-men. 



The gorilla has a limited range, extending from 2 north to 5 south latitude in West Africa, 

 a moist overgrown region including the mouth of the Gaboon River. How far east it is found 

 is uncertain, but it is known in the Sierra del Cristal. In 1851-52 it was seen in considerable 

 numbers on the coast. 



The Gorilla is the largest, strongest, and most formidable of the Primates. An adult male 

 is from 5 feet 8 inches to 6 feet high, heavily built, with arms and chest of extraordinary power. 

 The arms reach to the middle of the legs. The hands are clumsy, the thumb short, and the 

 fingers joined by a web. The neck scarcely exists. The leg has a slight calf. The toes are 

 stumpy and thick ; the great toe moves like a thumb. The head is large and receding, with 

 enormous ridges above the eyes, which give it a diabolical appearance. The canine teeth are 

 developed into huge tusks. The nose has a long bridge, and the nostrils look downwards. The 

 ear is small and man-like. 



In colour the gorilla varies from deep black to iron-gray, with a reddish tinge on the head ; 

 old animals become grizzled. The outer hair is ringed gray and brown ; beneath it is a woolly 

 growth. The female is smaller not exceeding 4 feet 6 inches and less hideous, as the canines 



Phtti bj A. S. Rutland & Sans 



HEAD OF MALE GORILLA 



This is a photograph of one of the first gorillas ever brought to England. 

 It -was sent by the famous M.. du Chaillu 



