yi2 THE LIVING ANIMALS OF THE WORLD 



Photo ty E. C. At/Union 



BLUE 



BUTTERFLY 



the most conspicuous of the smaller European 

 butterflies 



Butterflies are divided into several groups, the first 

 of which includes the BRUSH-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES, 

 so called because the front pair of legs is converted 

 into hairy paws, useless for walking, and only 

 employed for toilet purposes. This is a very exten- 

 sive group, including about half the butterflies 

 known, and is divided into several smaller sections. 

 The most interesting species among the DANAIDS 

 is the MONARCH, one of the largest and commonest 

 butterflies found in North America. It is migratory 

 in its habits, and has succeeded in acclimatising 

 itself throughout the Pacific islands as far as Australia 

 and New Zealand, as well as in the Canaries ; and 

 so many specimens have been taken recently in the 

 south of England that it seems not unlikely to take 

 up its residence there also. It is a tawny butter- 

 fly, not unlike the one represented on the preceding 

 page, but much larger, measuring about 5 inches 

 across the wings. The caterpillar is yellow, with trans- 

 verse black bands, and a pair of long, black slender 

 filaments near each extremity of the body. The 

 pupa is pale green, with golden spots, and is 



suspended by the tail, as is the case with most of those of the Brush-footed Butterflies. 



The next group, the LONG-WINGED BUTTERFLIES, includes a considerable number of species 



with long rounded wings, found in tropical and sub-tropical America. A species with black 



and transparent markings is shown on page 710, but many have wholly transparent wings, 



^xcept for a narrow black or brown border. 



Turning to more familiar insects, there are several kinds of large or moderate-sized tawny 



butterflies, marked with black spots 



and lines, called FRITILLARIES. The 



caterpillars are spiny, and feed on violets 



and other low-growing plants. The pho- 

 tograph on page 710 shows the DIANA 



FRITILLARY, a large and handsome 



species, which is somewhat of a rarity in 



the Southern States of America ; it meas- 

 ures 4 inches in expanse, and the sexes 



are very dissimilar. It is dark brown, 



with a broad orange border spotted with 



black in the male, and rows of more 



or less connected green or white spots 



fn the female. 



The ANGLE-WINGED BUTTERFLIES 



include several of the best known 



and most brightly coloured species, 



such as the RED ADMIRAL, a velvety 



black butterfly, with a transverse red 

 band on the four wings, and several 



white spots between this and the .,. 



tip, the hind wings having a red 



border, spotted with black and blue. BLUE MORPHO BUTTERFLY AND HUMMING-BIRD 



It measures about 2\ inches across Nat proportionate slats 



