300 



THE LIVING RACES OF MANKIND 



The chief Kaffir weapon is the assegai, but the men are expert also in use of the 

 knobkerry. They protect themselves with large oval leather shields. 



The Kaffirs dwell in temporary conical huts. They were mainly pastoral, and lived largely 

 on milk; but they now grow crops of maize, millet, and yams. 



They believe in spirits, and are said to worship those of their ancestors; but they do not 

 apparently believe in any one supreme spirit or god. 



Of the sub-groups of the true Kaffirs the most important is that of the Pondo, who live 

 011 the borders of Natal in Northern Kaffraria. They are now settled and peaceful; their 

 numbers have accordingly increased greatly, and the tribe is now estimated at over 200,000. 



Photo by G. \Y. ) I 'iltoii] 



[Aberdeen. 



THREE ZULU GIRLS. 



Living among the Ama-Kosa is a people whose exact affinities are uncertain. They are 

 the Fingo of Fingoland i.e. the southern part of Kaffraria, just north of the Kei River. 

 In 1835, however, when they first placed themselves under British protection, they were settled 

 by Sir Benjamin d'Urban in their present home, between the Great Fish River and the 

 Keiskamma, and thus saved from the Zulus, who were threatening to "eat them up." They 

 have no proper tribal name, Fingo, imposed on them by the Zulus, simply meaning ''Vagabonds." 



THE BECHUAXAS. 



Bechuanaland is a vast tract of country, bounded to the south by Cape Colony, to the north 

 by the Zambesi, to the west by the Kalahari Desert, and to the east by Southern Rhodesia, 

 the Transvaal, and the Orange River Colony. These are the existing political boundaries of 

 the country, but ethnographically the term includes parts of the adjacent territories, extending 



