294 DOMAIN III. ARGILLACEOUS. 



of Saxony, on the Rhine, as at Ehrenbreitstein 

 and Oppenheim, Bohemia, Silesia, Moravia, Salz- 

 burg, Switzerland, Pyrenees, Transylvania, Tus- 

 cany, France, and Portugal ; nearly all the moun- 

 tains in Scotland, that lie to the north of the Frith 

 of Forth, are principally composed of this rock : 

 and many, if not the whole, of the mountains in 

 Cumberland appear to be of the same nature."* 

 Argillaceous Another remarkable rock, belonging to this di- 



sand-stone. 



vision, is the argillaceous sand-stone, which com- 

 poses the Orkneys, and part of the north of Scot- 

 land. It is commonly of a brown colour, and 

 more or less indurated by iron, whence it some- 

 times decomposes in fantastic forms. The south- 

 eastern part of the Mainland of Shetland also con- 

 sists of this sand-stone, which has unexpectedly 

 been found to be metalliferous. A copper mine 

 was opened near Sandlodge, the upper rock being 

 sand-stone, while, at the depth of 150 feet, was 

 found a rock of keralite, traversed by many veins 

 of brown quartz. The copper was imbedded in 

 an iron ore, in veins between the sand-stone and 

 the keralite. " The iron ores here found are, 

 1. Dark-brown, fibrous, and mamellated hema- 

 tites. 2. Columnar bog-iron ore. 3. Micaceous 



* Jameson, Geognosy 151. In his Dumfries, p. Q2, he says 

 the craigs near that town consist of fragments of syenite and grau- 

 wack, the bricia being cemented by ferruginous clay. 



