548 



APPENDAGE TO THE VOLCANIC, 



Name. 



Morand's 

 account. 



long to mountains which, like that of Chimera, 

 now called Goranto in Natolia, emit flame and 

 smoke, without any other ejection; than to lit- 

 tle ignited spots, which, like one of the Italian 

 isles, might be called volcanellos. But a more 

 proper name for these ignited hills and spots 

 would befumarols, already admitted into French 

 from the Italian, as their chief mark is their 

 smoking in rainy weather. Yet asfumarol has 

 been used in a very confined acceptation, some 

 may prefer fumavols, from their smoke, and di- 

 minutive resemblance of a volcano. 



Among other causes of these ignitions may be 

 mentioned saline ballast and rubbish of ships, 

 which have formed a fumavol not a little destruc- 

 tive, near Sunderland in the north of England. 

 Pallas mentions a mountain in Siberia which 

 continued to burn for a long period, the ori- 

 ginal cause being a pine struck with lightning, 

 which communicated the flame to the rest of the 

 forest, and to the surface of the ground. 



M. Morand, in a curious memoir on the spon- 

 taneous inflammation of coal-mines, has describ- 

 ed the singular fumavols or pseudo-volcanoes of 

 Rovergue, a district of the former Guienne, ly- 

 ing on the south of Auvergne*. The mountain 



* Mem. de V ac. des Sc. 1781, p. 169. The style is embarrassed 

 and obscure. 



