ORANGE, LEMON, ETC. 97 



at Rome, they require protection during the winter, and are 

 generally planted in conservatories and sheds. In England, 

 these trees have been cultivated since 1620 ; they are gene- 

 rally planted in conservatories. Loudon says that in the 

 south of Devonshire, and particularly at Saltcombe, may be 

 seen, in a few gardens, Orange trees that have withstood the 

 winter in the open air upward of a hundred years. The 

 fruit is as large and fine as any from Portugal. Trees raised 

 from seed, and inoculated on the spot, are found to bear the 

 cold better than trees imported. 



At Nuneham, near Oxford, are some fine old trees, plant- 

 ed under a movable case, sheltered by a north wall. In 

 summer, the case is removed, and the ground turfed over, so 

 that the whole resembles a native Orange grove. The au- 

 thor of this work, being a native of Abingdon, which ia 

 within three miles of the Earl of Harcourt's estate, has had 

 frequent opportunities of tasting the fruit, which he believes 

 to be equal to that of warmer climates. At Woodhall, near 

 Hamilton, trees of all the species of Citrus are trained against 

 the back walls of forcing-houses, and produce large crops of 

 fruit. 



Any of the varieties of the Orange, Lemon, Lime, Shad- 

 dock, Citron, &c., may be grafted or budded on stocks of the 

 common Orange or Lemon ; but the seed of Shaddocks and 

 Citrons produce the strongest stocks ; and on these may be 

 grafted such kinds as may be needed for a conservatory. 

 The most suitable time for budding is July and August; but 

 this operation may be performed at any time when the sap 

 is in motion. The directions for the management of green, 

 house plants, apply also to this family of plants, to which I 

 refer my readers. A friend of mine, who is a native of 

 Rouen, in Normandy, informs me, that a Mr. Valee, of that 

 city, succeeds in clearing about twelve thousand francs per 

 annum from the flowers of Orange trees, which are distilled 

 for essences, &c. 



