RASPBERRY. 133 



New Brunswick, and in various parts of the United States, 

 but most of the cultivated varieties are supposed to have 

 originated in England. Loudon describes the true Rasp- 

 berry as having "stems which are suffructicose, upright, 

 rising to the height of several feet, and are biennial in du- 

 ration ; but the root is perennial, producing suckers which 

 ripen and drop their leaves one year, and resume their 

 foliage, produce blossom shoots, flower, and fruit, and die 

 the next. The leaves are quinate-pinnate ; the flowers 

 come in panicles from the extremity of the present year's 

 shoots ; they are white, appear in May and June, and the 

 fruit forms about a fortnight afterward." 



The fruit is grateful to most palates, as nature presents 

 it, but sugar improves the flavour ; accordingly it is much 

 esteemed when made into sweetmeats, and for jams, tarts, 

 and sauces. It is fragrant, sub-acid, and cooling; allays 

 heat and thirst. It is much used in distilling. " Raspberry 

 syrup is next to the Strawberry in dissolving the tartar of 

 the teeth ; and as, like that fruit, it does not undergo the 

 acetous fermentation in the stomach, it is recommended to 

 gouty and rheumatic patients." 



Nicol enumerates twenty-three species and varieties of the 

 cultivated Raspberry, and twenty-one of the Rubus ronce, or 

 Bramble ; in the latter is included the American Red and 

 Black Raspberry, the Long Island and Virginian Raspber- 

 ry ; also the Ohio Ever-Bearing, and the Pennsylvania 

 Raspberry. The English varieties are, early Small White; 

 Large White; Large Red; most Large Red Antwerp ; Large 

 Yellow Antwerp ; Cane, or smooth-stalked ; Twice-bearing 

 White; Twice-bearing Red; Smooth Cane, twice-bearing; 

 Woodward's Raspberry; Monthly, or Four Season; Dwarf 

 Red Cane; Victoria Raspberry; Large Red Franconia; 

 Mason's Red Cluster; McKeen's Scarlet Prolific; Chili 

 Red; Cornish Red; Cox's Honey; Brentford Red ; Brent- 

 ford White; Flesh-coloured; Barnet Redj Bromley Hill; 



