THE APPLES OF NEW YORK 767 



where none but the very hardiest apples and crab apples should 

 be planted. In such locations the list from which selection 

 should be made includes such crab apples as the Hyslop, Trans- 

 cend ant, Martha, Whitney, and Gibb, and the hardiest of apples 

 such as Hibernal, Antonovka, and the best of the hybrids which 

 liavo been originated by the Central Experiment Farms, Ottawa, 

 Canada. Hibernal is of value only as a kitchen apple. It is 

 perhaps the hardiest large-fruited apple known to American 

 pomology. Antonovka, when fully ripe and mellow, would be 

 classed good for dessert use; for culinary use it is decidedly 

 superior to Wealthy. It is hardier than Wealthy in tree and 

 ripens a little earlier. The tree is a reliable cropper. It deserves 

 to be planted more frequently in the colder districts of the state 

 both for home use and for local market. 



In those parts of northern New York where the climate is less 

 severe, the list for commercial planting should include Yellow 

 Transparent, Duchess of Oldenburg and its daughters Okebena 

 and Dudley, for late summer and early fall ; Alexander, Wolf 

 River, Wealthy, Fameuse, Mclntosh, and Canada Baldwin for 

 autumn and early winter. Brilliant should be put on trial for 

 both commercial and home use. The list for the home orchard 

 should include such hardy sorts as Blue Pearmain, Westfield 

 Seek-No-Further, Nodhead, Bethel, Oel Austin, Windsor, Ma- 

 linda and Tolman Sweet. For the lower elevations along Lake 

 Champlain and the valley of the St. Lawrence and Lake Ontario, 

 where commercial orcharding is less hazardous than it is in the 

 colder districts which we have been considering, the list for com- 

 mercial planting may include Duchess of Oldenburg, Wealthy, 

 Fameuse, and Mclntosh, with Brilliant for trial; and in espe- 

 cially favored localities, Northern Spy, Westfield Seek-No-Fur- 

 ther, and also possibly Baldwin and Rhode Island Greening, where 

 top-worked on such hardy stocks as . Northern Spy or Tolman 

 Sweet. 



The residents of northern New York would do well to keep in 

 touch with the splendid work in breeding hardy apples for north- 

 ern regions that is being conducted by the Canadian government 

 at its experiment farms. Information concerning the results 

 that have already been secured in this work may readily be 



