874 THE FRUIT INDUSTRY IN XEW YORK STATE 



French Paradise 



This is probably the most dwarfed of the several stocks and 

 has the reputation, ungrafted, of being the most precocious in 

 bearing as it is also in season of blooming and fruiting. Grown 

 to maturity, this apple is described as being dwarf, compact in 

 habit, productive and as bearing very good, early autumn, dessert 

 apples, golden-yellow in color with a reddish*blush, and of a brisk, 

 agreeable, acid flavor. Independent of its value as a dwarfing 

 stock it is said to be a useful orchard or garden plant. The 

 derivation of the name is obvious, the forbidden fruit of which 

 Adam and Eve ate. 



Doucin 



The Doucin is a French stock, which roots and grows more freely 

 than does the French Paradise, the root system differing greatly 

 in having more woody roots that strike downward to a greater 

 depth. When permitted to bear fruit, the apples of Doucin are 

 a greenish yellow with a decided blush and are sweet, the flavor 

 giving the name from the French " douceur " sweetness. 



Propagation of Dwarfing Stocks 



Some of the dwarfing stocks sucker so freely that the readiest 

 means of propagation is to detach the sucker and use it as a stock. 

 Other dwarfing stocks are propagated from root cuttings. But 

 unquestionably the chief method of propagation is by mound- 

 layering. Well-established plants are made to stool by cutting 

 them off a few inches from the ground. When these stools have 

 made sufficient growth, usually in the summer of the second 

 season, their bases are buried in a mound, and by fall a rooted 

 plant will have formed. These, if sufficiently vigorous, may be 

 grafted the following winter or budded the next summer. The 

 small stocks in a stool are grown in the nursery row for an addi- 

 tional year. 



DISCUSSION OF EXPERIMENTS 



Three sites were chosen for experiments : one at Kinderhook, 

 Columbia County, in the Hudson Valley, on the farm of Edward 

 van Alstyne; another at Fayettville. Onondaga County, on the 

 farm of F. E. Dawley ; and the third at Carlton, Orleans County, 



