876 THE FRUIT INDUSTRY IN XEW YORK STATE 



on the farm of Albert Wood and son. The distribution of 

 orchards in eastern, central, and western New York gives rather 

 distinct climatic and soil conditions for the three orchards. 



Plan of the Tests 



Briefly stated, the general plan of the three experiments was 

 to grow a permanent orchard of standard trees with fillers of 

 varieties on Doucin stock, and between these fillers on Paradise 

 stock. The distance between the trees in the Wood orchard is 

 fifteen feet; in the other two, twelve feet. 



The van Alstyne orchard was planted in the autumn of 1904 

 with 306 trees on the three stocks as follows : standard trees, 27 ; 

 on Doucin stock, 153 trees; on Paradise, 126. These were dis- 

 tributed among the following varieties : Baldwin, Boiken, Hol- 

 land Pippin, Hubbardston, Jonathan, Lady, Mclntosh, R. I. 

 Greening, Rome, Sutton, Wealthy, and Wagener. 



The Dawley orchard was planted in 1904 with 512 trees, the 

 number on each stock being: standard, 42; Doucin, 161; Para- 

 dise, 309. The following are the varieties : Alexander, Baldwin, 

 Boiken, Esopus, Gravenstein, Green Sweet, Grimes, Hnbbardston, 

 Jacob Sweet, Jonathan, Longfield, Mclntosh, Monmouth, North- 

 ern Spy, Pumpkin Sweet, R. I. Greening, Rome, Sutton, Wago- 

 ner, Wealthy, Wolf River, Y^ellow Transparent. 



In the Wood orchard there were originally 375 trees set in the 

 autumn of 1903: 45 on standard, 110 on Doucin, and 220 on 

 Paradise stocks, distributed among the varieties Alexander, Bald- 

 win, Ben Davis, Boiken, Gravenstein, Holland Winter, Jonathan, 

 Lady, Mclntosh, Monmouth, R. I. Greening, Rome, Sutton, 

 Bismarck, Twenty Ounce, and Wealthy. 



Care of the Orchards 



The three orchards received the care commonly given commer- 

 cial orchards in New York except in particulars to be mentioned. 



Scion Roots and Suckers. Beginning with the first year it was 

 found necessary to go over the orchards each spring and cut such 

 roots as had sprung from the scion and such suckers as had come 

 from the stocks. This was no small task, the first operation re- 

 quiring that more or less earth be removed and replaced, although 



