AM) Ul'DDINO 



first cut in the healthy portion of the branch, the future shape of 

 the top being kept in mind, as in pruning. The cut should be 

 made with a hue-tooth saw and the bark kept free from injury. 

 The stock is split downward; a wedge may he used to hold the 

 cleft open until the scion is placed in position. Tare should be 

 exercised that the outer bark of the stock and the scion coine 

 together, as shown in Fig. 283 (d). 



The scion should be from 3 to 5 buds long and should be cut 

 wedge-shaped (Fig. 283 [c]), with one edge slightly thicker than 

 the other. The object is to have the pressure of the cleft, after the 

 wedge is removed, greatest upon the outer side (Fig. 283 [d] ) 

 where the growing union is to bo effected. 



If the stock is large, say 2 inches in diameter, two scions may 

 be placed in the cleft opposite each other. When the wedge is 

 removed, if the scions are not held firmly, the stock should be tied 

 with cord or tapes before waxing. Wax may be applied in liquid 

 form, or as plastic wax (Fig. 283 [e] ) ; or waxed tape may be 

 used in splice and tongue grafting, thus uniting the strength of a 

 cord to the covering process. 



Every cut or opening, including the upper end of the scion, 

 must be carefully covered with wax to prevent evaporation and to 

 insure growth. " All joints must be kept air tight. Extreme heat 

 or cold may cause the wax to shrink. It is therefore well to look 

 over the work occasionally. 



ROOT OK CROWN GRAFTING 



I ti ml. <)) crown grafting is very generally used by nurserymen. 

 One- or two-year seedlings are stored in cellars for grafting in the 

 winter. The splice or tongue method is used. 



Apples are grafted at the collar or crown, or on pieces of the 

 root. The root may be from 3 to 6 inches and the scion from 

 _ to 1 inches, but the completed graft should be not over 8 or 9 

 indies. The union is made firm by 'tying with string or waxed 

 cloth and applying liquid wax. Grafts are then packed in sand or 

 sawdust and kept moderately moist in a^cool cellar, ready for dib- 

 bling in the 'early spring. Apples may be grafted on whole or 

 piece roots ; pears only at the collar on whole roots. 



