INSECTS ATTACKING THE PEAR, AND THEIR CONTROL 1023 



twigs, and foliage is sparse. Infested leaves are often marked 

 with red or purplish spots. The pears are rough, scabby, aim 

 spotted with red ; the reddish discoloration being most noticeable 

 jiround the margins of the scales. The wonderful 'power of repro- 

 duction of this species makes it the most formidable of our orchard 

 scales. 



FIG. 303. COMMON SCALE INSECTS (Much en- 

 larged), (a) SAN JOSE* SCALE j (b) OYSTER- 

 SHELL SCALE, (c) SCURFY SCALE 



Treatment. To combat San Jose scale the grower should apply 

 lime-sulphur solution late in fall or preferably in spring just 

 before the leaves begin to show. The concentrated solution, testing 

 from thirty-two to thirty-four degrees Baume, should be diluted 

 in the proportion of one gallon to eight or nine gallons of water. 

 Commercial miscible oils diluted with twelve or fifteen parts of 

 water are used with considerable success by some growers. These 

 preparations should be applied in spring while buds are swelling. 



The Oyster-Shell Scale 



Oyster-shell scale, Lepidosaplies ulmi Linn., appears as a brown 

 scale about one-sixth of an inch long, closely resembling the bark 

 in color and somewhat like a long, narrow oyster shell 



in 



