1032 THE FRUIT INDUSTRY ix XEW YORK STATE 



quarters or to plantings of plums and peaches. The most effec- 

 tive means of combating this pest in pear and apple orchards are 

 spraying with lead arseuate, clean cultivation, tillage, and 

 destruction of windfalls. It is possible to reduce the numbers of 

 the insects in nearby plantings of plums and peaches by jarring 

 the plum or peach trees or by spraying with arseuate of lead just 

 after blossoming. If the infestation is due to the close proximity 

 of woods or waste lands, such places should be cleared of the 

 underbrush or burned over during the winter so as to destroy 

 hibernating insects. 



The Bud Moth 



The larva of the bud moth, Tmetocem ocellcma Schiff., hiber- 

 nates over winter under a tiny shelter on the young wood, and 

 in spring attacks the opening buds. Later, when leaves and 

 blossoms unfold, it seeks the clusters, forming a retreat in the 

 webbed leaves. By reason of its destructiveness to buds and 

 blossoms, the bud moth is a serious pest during some seasons. 

 The caterpillar is darkish red in color and pupates in June. The 

 moth makes its appearance about ten days later, and soon after- 

 ward eggs are deposited for the next year's brood. From these 

 eggs caterpillars hatch that feed on the leaves until fall, when 

 they seek sheltered retreats for the winter. 



Treatment. Systematic spraying with arsenicals each year 

 will control this species. The times for effective spraying are, 

 first, as the buds begin to expand, and, secondly, when the leaves 

 are fairly out. 



The Leaf Rollers 



The oblique-banded leaf roller, Ar chips rosaceana Harris, and 

 the fruit-tree leaf roller, Ar chips argyrospila Walker, are native 

 insects that feed on a variety of fruits, such as pear, apple, peach, 

 plum, and cherry. These insects also attack various shade and 

 forest trees. The leaf rollers are destructive to fruit trees dur- 

 ing some seasons because of their work on blossoms, young fruits, 

 and foliage. The oblique-banded leaf roller attacks young 1 pears 

 as soon as they set and continues feeding on them until the fruit 

 attains nearly an inch in diameter. They eat large round holes, 

 sometimes extending to or even beyond the core. The larva of 



