1188 



THE FRUIT INDUSTRY IN NEW YORK STATE 



Control of Aphids 



All of the above species of plant lice are so' nearly alike in habits 

 that they may be controlled on plum by the same methods. The 

 aphids may be killed by thorough applications of a spray composed 

 of two pounds of soap and one-fourth pint of tobacco extract to 

 fifty gallons of water. Kerosene emulsion or whale-oil soap ap- 

 plied at summer strength may also be used. 



INSECTS ATTACKING THE TRUNK AND LIMBS 



The Fruit-tree Baric Beetle 



Although dead or weakened tree 

 limbs are most often affected by the 

 bark beetle, Scolytus rugulosus Ratze- 

 burg, injury is frequently done to 

 healthy wood of many kinds of fruit 

 trees. The attack is indicated by the 

 presence of numerous small holes, re- 

 sembling shot holes, in the bark of the 

 tree. If the bark is removed, the " shot 

 holes " will be found to connect with 

 numerous tortuous channels between 

 the bark and the sapwood. 



The winter is passed by the larvae 

 beneath the bark. These mature in 

 spring, and the beetles, boring holes 

 through the bark, escape. Later, the 

 females bore into the tree in order to 

 deposit eggs in tunnels under the bark. 



Control. In early spring, before the beetles have emerged, a 

 dead trees and branches, which serve as breeding quarters for th 

 pest, should be removed and the prunings burned. Inducin 

 rapid growth in spring will enable the trees to withstand the a 

 tack. Whitewash, to each pail of which one-fourth pound of sa 

 has been added, tends to repel the beetles when applied to the tru 

 and larger branches. 





Till 



FIG. 391. WORK OF 

 FRUIT -TREE BAR 

 BEETLE ox PLUM Lm 

 A PORTION OF BARK H^ 

 BEEX .REMOVED TO SHO 

 THE BURROWS 



