CONTROL OF LXSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE GUAPK 1305 



tlic spring they come nearer the surface and resume feeding. I hir- 

 ing the latter part of May these grubs form cells and change 1< 

 pupae, emerging as adults about the middle of June of a normal 

 season. The adults usually appear about the time the Concord 

 grape begins to bloom. 



Control 



Three methods of control have proved effective against this 

 pest: namely, (1) the destruction of the larvae, (2) cultivation 

 to kill the pupae, and (3) spraying to kill the adults. 



Inasmuch as the larvae feed on 

 the roots of grasses and are 

 found only on sandy soil, it is 

 easy to locate their feeding 

 ground and, unless the land is 

 inarablo, plant it to crops which 

 will require cultivation during 

 the season. This will destroy 

 the grasses and the larvae will 

 perish. 



When the grubs have changed FlG - 445 -~ LARVA ' OF ROSE 



CHAFER (Enlarged) 



to pupae, they are easily killed 



by thorough cultivation, which will break the cells and crush 

 many pupae, thus preventing the emergence of a large percentage 

 of them. 



The best results in spraying to control this pest have been 

 secured by the use of sweetened arsenical sprays. Spray as soon 

 as the beetles appear, using arsenate of lead, 6 pounds ; molasses, 

 1 gallon; water, 100 gallons. Make a second application, if 

 necessary, one week later. Care should be exercised to avoid 

 applying the spray previous to rains, because the molasses 

 destroys the adhesion of the arsenate of lead. If a rain occurs 

 within thirty-six hours after spraying, it will be necessary to 

 repeat the application as soon as weather conditions permit. 



THE GRAPE LEAF-HOPPER 



No insect is more common in the vineyards of this state than 

 the grape leaf-hopper (Typhlocyba comes Say.). Many growers 

 erroneously call these insects the grape " thrips." The injury to 



