158 CROP PRODUCTION 



cherries. The fruit of these is inferior to the cultivated 

 sorts, of which there are three principal types, namely: 

 the Hearts, the Bigarreaus, and the Dukes. These three 

 types are characterized thus: 

 Hearts: fruit sweet, soft, heart-shaped, as in Black 



Tartarian. 

 Bigarreaus: fruit sweet, firm, heart-shaped, as in 



Napoleon. 

 Dukes: fruit rather sour, as in May Duke. 



Sour Cherries 



The Sour or Morello Cherry tree grows in a low spread- 

 ing manner that at once distinguishes it from the Mazzard 

 type of tree. The trunk breaks up into several branches 

 without a main central stem and these branches grow 

 outward horizontally rather than upward vertically. 

 Wild seedHngs are abundant in many regions where 

 Cherries have been grown for a long period, and these 

 seedKngs often occur in thickets because the trees send 

 up suckers freely from the roots. When well treated 

 such seedlings often yield excellent fruit. There are 

 two types of Sour Cherries, namely: 



Amarelles: fruit round, with skin light red, juice 

 colorless, as in Early Richmond. 



Morellos: fruit round, with skin and juice dark red, as 

 in EngHsh Morello. 



Cherry trees thrive in a light, loamy, well-drained, and 

 fairly rich soil in regions where the air is not too dry. 

 Consequently it is a crop for northern and coast regions 

 rather than the great plains areas. The Sour Cherries 

 are hardier and adapted to a wider range of soil and 

 climate than the Sweet. One or two-year-old trees are 



