THE GRAPE 165 



The details of pruning depend to a considerable extent 

 upon the method of training adopted. Some vine- 

 yardists train to trellises with three wires one above 

 another; this is called the upright system. Others train 

 to trellises with three wires arranged horizontally beside 

 one another; this is called the canopy system. The 

 latter is especially popular in southern regions. 



Propagation 



Grape vines are easily propagated by layering. In 

 early spring make a shallow furrow three inches deep 

 near a vine in the direction of the rows. Lay a cane of 

 last year's growth along the bottom of this furrow, 



Grape Cuttings 

 leaving the cane attached to the plant. Peg the cane 

 down with small sticks. After the new shoots that will 

 come from the buds on this cane have grown to the 

 length of six inches, fill in the furrow with soil. Roots 

 will be sent out from the base of each shoot, and a good 

 plant will be thus formed by autumn. This method is 

 especially adapted to home gardens. 



The grape is also easily propagated by cuttings. These 

 should be eight to ten inches long, and cut late in au- 

 tumn from well-ripened wood grown that season. They 

 should be tied together in small bundles and buried in 

 well-drained soil or stored in sand or sawdust, or in a 



