THE RASPBERRIES 179 



this and will send out numerous side branches which 

 will bear fruit the next season. After four or five good 

 canes have started from each hill, any others should be 

 cut out. As soon after the crop is harvested as possible 

 all the old canes should be removed, cutting off as low 

 as possible, and promptly burned to destroy insect and 

 fungous pests. 



Enemies 

 Of the numerous enemies of Black Raspberries the 

 Anthracnose is most generally troublesome. It appears 

 on the young shoots in early summer as small, reddish- 

 purple spots scattered over the bark. These spots 

 increase in size rapidly, their centers becoming grayish 

 white. Each spot is surrounded by a purplish margin. 

 As the weeks go by the spots become larger and more 

 numerous, often running together in long blotches. 

 As both bark and sapwood are affected the supply of sap 

 to leaves and fruit is partially cut off, frequently causing 

 much loss to the crop. The parasitic fungus which 

 causes the trouble reproduces by means of spores that 

 develop upon the diseased spots. Consequently the 

 cutting and burning of the canes as soon as the fruit is 

 picked is an important preventive measure. 



The Red and the Purple Raspberries 



The cultivated Red Raspberries include three rather 

 distinct groups of varieties, namely: (i) those derived 

 from the European Red Raspberry, Ruhus idaeus; 

 (2) those derived from the American Red Raspberry, 

 Ruhus strigosus; (3) those derived from the Purple-cane 

 Raspberry, Ruhus neglectus. 



The European Red Raspberry is found wild over a vast 



