GARDENING 177 



radish may be grown during late winter. Make a tight 

 frame of boards, perhaps six by nine feet, or to suit the size 

 of the glass (Fig. 98). This should be about two feet deep 

 on the north side and six or eight inches less' on the south 

 side. This gives a slope to the window sash to catch the 

 rays of the sun. 



The hot-bed should have in the bottom ten inches of 

 firmly tramped horse manure that has begun to heat a little. 

 Cover this with five or six inches of rich garden soil. 



Fig. 98. — A back-yard hot-bed. These sashes were made for this special purpose 

 with lap glasses to shed off water. 



The cold-frame is made in the same way but does not 

 have the heating manure in the bottom to warm the soil. 

 It is usually placed on the south side of a building or high 

 fence to secure the best effects from the sun's heat. 



Care must be exercised not to let the temperature in 

 these frames vary too much. On cold nights, carpets or 

 blankets may be thrown over the glass. When the sun is 

 very hot, the glass is raised a little or taken off to let out 

 the surplus moisture and hot air (Fig. 99). 



Double Cropping. — Market gardeners often raise two 

 or more crops on the same ground in a season. This is called 

 double cropping. 

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