INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES 351 



Dissolve the soap in the water by boiling and immediately 

 add it boiling hot, away from the fire, to the oil. The whole 

 mixture is then agitated violently while hot. After five 

 minutes' agitation the emulsion should be perfect, and the 

 mixture will have increased from one-third to one-half in 

 bulk and assume the consistency of cream. Well made, the 

 emulsion will keep indefinitely and should be diluted only 

 as wanted for use. 



How to Use the Emulsion. — During the growing period 

 of summer, for most plant lice and other soft-bodied insects, 

 dilute the emulsion with 15 parts of water; for the red spider 

 and other plant-mites, the same, with the addition of 1 

 ounce of flowers of sulfur to the gallon; for scale insects, the 

 larger plant-bugs, and larvse, dilute with from 7 to 10 parts 

 of water. Apply with spray pump. The greatest dilution 

 noted gives 4 per cent of oil and the lesser dilutions approxi- 

 mately 6 and 8 per cent. 



For Weevils in Corn, Beans, Etc. 



5. Bi=sulfide of Carbon. — One teaspoonful liquid bi- 

 sulfide of carbon to each two cubic feet of tightly closed air 

 space. The fumes settle downward in the space. Keep all 

 flames away from the materials. 



6. Bordeaux Mixture. — Used as a fungicide to prevent 

 diseases of plants. 



Copper sulfate (bluestone) 5 pounds 



Unslaked lime 5 pounds 



Water 50 gallons 



This is called the 5-5-50 formula commonly used on 

 apple trees in spring and summer. 



Dissolve the copper sulfate at the rate of 1 pound to one 

 gallon of water. Slake the lime carefully until it is of a 

 creamy consistency, add water to make one gallon per pound 

 of Ume. These two are called stock solutions and may be 

 kept covered until needed. 



