CATTLE 201 



2. If a cow drinks 90 pounds of water in a day, how many gal- 

 lons would a herd of 12 cows drink in a day? (A gallon of water weighs 

 about 83^ lbs.). How long would it take a boy to pump sufficient 

 water for these cows if he could pump four gallons in a minute? 



FEEDING 



REQUIREMENTS OF DAIRY COWS 



Maintenance. — Every animal requires a certain amount 

 of feed for bodily maintenance, even though it may be idle, 

 to keep up the body heat, for digestion, and for the other 

 functions of the body. The requirements for maintenance 

 are approximately the same for all animals of the same 

 class and weight and kept under similar conditions. 



The amount of such feed has been determined by feeding 

 for several months, mature, idle animals kept under normal 

 conditions, and by weighing the feed fed and weighing the 

 animals, and by regulating the feed so that the various 

 animals neither gain nor lose in weight. 



Prof. T. L. Haecker, of the Minnesota Experiment 

 Station, has found by extensive tests that .07 of a pound of 

 protein, .7 of a pound of carbohydrates, and .01 of a pound 

 of fat are required per higidred pounds live weight to main- 

 tain a cow not giving milk. If a cow weighs 1,000 pounds, 

 it will require ten times these amounts for maintenance. 



Nutrients Required. — Prof. Haecker has found also 

 that the more milk a cow gives the more feed she needs, 

 and the richer the milk the more feed required to produce 

 it. For the convenience of feeders he has compiled a table 

 from which the following is taken. Any one, knowing the 

 weight of a cow and the amount and richness of her milk, 

 can easily determine the amount of nutrients she needs for 

 maintenance and to produce milk. 



Nutrients Required to Produce One Pound of Milk of a Given 



Per Cent of Butter-fat 



Per Cent Fat Protem Carbohydrates Fat 



3 .042 .19 .013 



3.5 .045 .21 • .015 



*4 .048 .23 .016 



4.5 .051 .25 .018 



6 .054 .27 .019 



6.5 .057 .29 .020 



6 .060 .31 .022 



