viii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



FIG. PAGE 



31. Planting Tools 89 



32. Pine Grove from Planted Seed * 91 



33. An Oak Grove from Artificial Seeding 93 



34. Which should come out? . 99 



35. Thinned, but will need it again 101 



36. A Burn " . 103 



37. Tangle after Fire 105 



38. The Camp Fire as it should be .107 



39. Trenching a Forest Fire Ill 



40. Fighting Fire in the Adirondacks 113 



41. The Fires have cleaned up 114 



42. A Fire " Slash " in the Adirondacks 117 



43. The Imported Elm Leaf Beetle 119 



44. Pine W r eeyil: Adult Beetle, Pupa, and Grub, or Larva . . . . 120 



45. Scale Insect on White-Pine Leaves 121 



46. Bark Beetles and their Work 122 



47. A Destroyer of Forest and Shade Tree: the White-Marked Tus- 



sock Moth 123 



48. Fall Webworm 125 



49. One of the Greatest Friends of the Forest 127 



50. Cutting Spruce in the Adirondacks 135 



51. The Tools we use 137 



52. Skidding Spruce Logs in the Adirondacks 138 



53. " Scaling," or measuring and stamping or marking Spruce Logs . 139 



54. The " Landing " on Ampersand Creek, near " Driving Time " . 141 



55. Rolling in Spruce Logs on Ampersand Creek 143 



56. Tangent or Bastard Cut 151 



57. Rift or Quarter-sawed 151 



58. End of Log, showing Rift and Bastard Cuts 153 



59. " Bigtree " Logging in California 157 



60. Cypress Logging in Florida 159 



61. Diagram to show how a Forty- Acre Lot is covered in estimating 



Timber 167 



62. Calipers for measuring the Diameter of Trees 171 



63. Measuring the Height of a Tree 171 



64. Scale Rules 173 



