USE OF THE FOREST 



153 



Pine, spruce, etc., are mostly cut by large crews of 

 regular lumbermen, and are sawed in large mills, but the 

 hardwood lumber comes mostly from the farm and is cut 



FIG. 58. End of Log, showing Rift and Bastard Cuts 



Cuts a and b make all rift or quarter-sawed material ; but c and d are 

 nearly all tangent or bastard cut 



in small country mills. Of the several kinds of coniferous 

 lumber a few are of such great importance that we should 

 know a little more about them. 



