USE OF THE FOREST 163 



often a large storehouse; and provision is made to dine 

 seventy-five and more men at one sitting. 



Much preparatory work must be done. Roads, dams, 

 or railways must be built, and supplies hauled to the 

 camp from distant railway stations. The logging itself, 

 for instance, in white-pine woods proceeds then about as 

 follows : Some of the men go in pairs, each pair with 

 a crosscut saw, felling the trees and cutting them into 

 logs. Another set skid the logs, i.e., drag them out of the 

 woods to the roads, and with the universal " peavey " roll 

 them up into piles on skidways. Still another set haul 

 them to the neighboring stream, where a "landing" is 

 cleared, on which the whole season's cutting is piled 

 up. The hauling is done on sleighs, and on a road which 

 has been carefully laid out so that there are no uphill 

 pulls, and one which is kept clean during all the hauling 

 and sprinkled with water or " iced " nearly every night. 

 When the winter's work is over, and spring opens the 

 stream and fills it with water, the " driving " begins. A 

 set of men roll the logs into the water, and men go along 

 the stream to keep them moving. The logs always catch 

 on the banks, or on obstacles of some kind, and form 

 "jams," which have to be broken and rebroken whenever 

 formed. In smaller streams the ordinary flow of water 

 is not sufficient, and the brook must be " splashed " or 

 flooded, i.e., the dam built during the summer before is 

 opened as often as a good head of water exists, or as often 



